CHAPTER 12

Proverbs 12:1-28 .

1. loveth knowledge--as the fruit of instruction or training ( Proverbs 1:2 ).
hateth reproof--( Proverbs 10:17 ).
brutish--stupid, regardless of his own welfare ( Psalms 49:10 , 73:22 ).

3. Wickedness cannot give permanent prosperity.
root . . . not be moved--firm as a flourishing tree--( Psalms 1:3 , 15:5 , Jeremiah 17:8 ).

4. A virtuous woman--in the wide sense of well-disposed to all moral duties ( Proverbs 31:10 ).
maketh ashamed--that is, by misconduct.
rottenness--an incurable evil.

5. thoughts--or, "purposes."
are right--literally, "are judgment," that is, true decisions.
counsels--(Compare Proverbs 11:14 ).
deceit--contrary to truth and honesty.

6. The words--or, "expressed designs" of the wicked are for evil purposes.
the mouth--or, "words" of the righteous delivering instead of ensnaring men.

7. Such conduct brings a proper return, by the destruction of the wicked and well-being of the righteous and his family.

8. despised--as opposed to commended ( Proverbs 11:12 ).
perverse heart--or, "wicked principles," as opposed to one of wisdom.

9. despised--held in little repute, obscure ( 1 Samuel 18:23 , Isaiah 3:5 ).
hath a servant--implying some means of honest living.
honoureth himself--is self-conceited.

10. regardeth--literally, "knoweth" ( Psalms 1:6 ).
mercies . . . cruel--as acts of compassion ungraciously rendered to the needy. The righteous more regards a beast than the wicked a man.

11. The idler's fate is the result of indolence and want of principle ( Proverbs 6:32 , 7:7 ).

12. the wicked . . . evil--They love the crafty arts of deception.
the root . . . fruit--their own resources supply them; or, it may be rendered: "He (God) giveth, or, sets ( Ezekiel 17:22 ) the root of the righteous," and hence it is firm: or, the verb is impersonal; "As to the root . . . it is firm" ( Proverbs 17:19 ).

13, 14. The wicked is snared, &c.--The sentiment expanded. While the wicked, such as liars, flatterers, &c., fall by their own words, the righteous are unhurt. Their good conduct makes friends, and God rewards them.

15. The way . . . eyes--The fool is self-conceited (compare Proverbs 12:1 , 1:32 , 10:17 , 3:17 ).

16. prudent . . . shame--He is slow to denounce his insulters ( James 1:19 ).

18. speaketh--literally, "speaketh hastily," or indiscreetly ( Psalms 106:33 ), as an angry man retorts harsh and provoking invectives.
tongue . . . health--by soothing and gentle language.

19. Words of truth are consistent, and stand all tests, while lies are soon discovered and exposed.

20. that imagine--or, "plan" ( Proverbs 3:29 ). They design a deceitful course, to which, with all its evils and dangers to others and themselves, the happiness of peace-makers is opposed (compare Matthew 5:9 , Romans 12:18 ).

21. no evil--(as in Psalms 91:10 ), under God's wise limitations ( Romans 8:28 ).
mischief--as penal evil.

22. deal truly--or, "faithfully," that is, according to promises (compare John 3:21 ).

23. concealeth--by his modesty ( Proverbs 10:14 , 11:13 ).
heart . . . proclaimeth--as his lips speak his thoughts (compare Ecclesiastes 10:3 ).

24. slothful--(Compare Margin), so called because he fails to meet his promises.
under tribute--not denoting legal taxes, but the obligation of dependence.

25. a good word--one of comfort.

26. more excellent--(Compare Margin); or, "more successful," while the wicked fail; or, we may read it: "The righteous guides his friend, but," &c., that is, The ability of the righteous to aid others is contrasted with the ruin to which the way of the wicked leads themselves.

27. (Compare Proverbs 12:24 ).
took in hunting--or, "his venison." He does not improve his advantages.
the substance . . . precious--or, "the wealth of a man of honor is being diligent," or "diligence."
precious--literally, "honor" ( Ecclesiastes 10:1 ).

28. (Compare Proverbs 8:8 Proverbs 8:20 , &c.). A sentiment often stated; here first affirmatively, then negatively.